Three Mechanisms Assemble Central Nervous System Nodes of Ranvier

Three Mechanisms Assemble Central Nervous System Nodes of Ranvier

Rapid action potential propagation in myelinated axons requires Na⁺ channel clustering at nodes of Ranvier. However, the mechanism of clustering at CNS nodes remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the assembly of nodes of Ranvier in the CNS involves three mechanisms: a glia-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) complex containing proteoglycans and adhesion molecules that cluster NF186, para...

defence mechanisms of the central nervous system

the close relationship between the immune system and the central nervous system (cns) has been well-studied. the cns regulates almost all the functions of the immune system; however, the effect and/or the control of the immune system on the cns has not been well-studied yet. recent reports suggest that the cns has its own defence mechanism(s). in this review, attempts have been made to discuss ...

Reassembly of the axon initial segment and nodes of Ranvier in regenerated axons of the central nervous system

Nodes of Ranvier and axon initial segments are ankyrin G–dependent domains that assemble by distinct mechanisms

Axon initial segments (AISs) and nodes of Ranvier are sites of action potential generation and propagation, respectively. Both domains are enriched in sodium channels complexed with adhesion molecules (neurofascin [NF] 186 and NrCAM) and cytoskeletal proteins (ankyrin G and betaIV spectrin). We show that the AIS and peripheral nervous system (PNS) nodes both require ankyrin G but assemble by di...

Ultrastructural anatomy of nodes of Ranvier in the peripheral nervous system as revealed by STED microscopy.

We used stimulated emission depletion (STED) superresolution microscopy to analyze the nanoscale organization of 12 glial and axonal proteins at the nodes of Ranvier of teased sciatic nerve fibers. Cytoskeletal proteins of the axon (betaIV spectrin, ankyrin G) exhibit a high degree of one-dimensional longitudinal order at nodal gaps. In contrast, axonal and glial nodal adhesion molecules [neuro...